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Storm Mode · Severe weather event

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Agency warning geometry · no observed imagery displayed

Map

NWS’s polygons as issued, or the zones a zone-issued alert names; SPC’s watches by their counties. Checked . Data: NOAA/NWS, NOAA/SPC.

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ⓘ About this map

Outlines: NOAA/NWS · Radar cells: IEM/NEXRAD. Outlines are warned areas, not storm paths.

Interactive imagery loads separately. Missing radar does not remove warnings or imply clear weather.

Change time or forecast product

Recorded weather · gaps are marked. Coverage begins with recording activation.

Live sources keep independent clocks.

Replay coverage and interpretation

Rolling target: 24 hours; cells: six hours. Radar: NOAA MRMS national overview, 8-minute tolerance. Satellite: original GOES GeoColor day/night picture, hourly sampling, 75-minute tolerance. No interpolation or latest-image fallback. Warning and source checks retain their own clocks. “Recorded by” is collector acquisition evidence, not exact browser publication history.

Current GLM density, velocity and specialist layers are hidden during replay. Snow uses retained footprint metadata with unverified pixel time. Forecast uses one pinned issuance/run and exact valid time.

No observed replay frame displayed.

Open the complete replay reader (works without scripting or WebGL)

Analysis and guidance

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Current weather

ReportsAnalysis and guidanceRadar

Observations

Coastal observationsRadar-derived cellsStations and river gauges

Severe storms

SPC Day 1 outlookWatchesMesoscale discussions

Rain and flooding

Flash-flood risk, Day 1River gauges in floodRain expected and rain that fell

Analysis

Area, source times and interpretation

Current cached context, independently dated. Regional reference: TX; a reference within a wider monitoring area does not replace the complete warning geography. This section remains separate from the historical replay cursor and official cyclone forecast. Use Forecast to pin a retained model package.

Soundings: what weather balloons measured

SPC’s skew-T diagram and hodograph of the sounding at Rapid City, SD (UNR), 00Z. Its levels are in the table below.
Observed Sounding at Rapid City, SD (UNR), for (17 h 6 min ago). SPC’s graphic; the values in its panels (CAPE, shear, the indices) are SPC’s computations from these levels. Data: NOAA/SPC.

A balloon launched about an hour before the time named, measuring as it rose and drifted with the wind: the atmosphere above one place, at one time. Model soundings, which are forecasts, are not shown here.

The levels this sounding was drawn from (60)
Rapid City, SD (UNR): the surface first, then up through the atmosphere. Temperature and dew point in °C, as measured.
PressureHeightTemperatureDew pointWind
900 mb1029 m12.69.3160° 8 kt
890 mb1122 m11.07.2—
871 mb1300 m9.36.9165° 22 kt
861 mb1395 m8.46.6160° 21 kt
850 mb1501 m7.46.3165° 19 kt
820 mb1796 m5.85.1170° 18 kt
809 mb1907 m5.64.0—
790 mb2103 m6.82.0205° 10 kt
765 mb2367 m8.4-0.6—
748 mb2552 m7.3-2.2235° 18 kt
736 mb2685 m6.6-3.4—
702 mb3071 m3.0-5.0—
700 mb3094 m2.8-5.2225° 23 kt
671 mb3435 m0.4-9.6—
660 mb3568 m0.8-19.0245° 15 kt
617 mb4106 m-1.9-22.7235° 25 kt
599 mb4341 m-3.6-19.9230° 23 kt
581 mb4582 m-5.3-21.0240° 26 kt
563 mb4826 m-7.2-21.5240° 24 kt
546 mb5063 m-9.3-21.3240° 23 kt
513 mb5543 m-13.5-20.8245° 29 kt
500 mb5740 m-15.1-21.1255° 26 kt
490 mb5892 m-16.3-22.0250° 25 kt
479 mb6062 m-17.7-22.2—
461 mb6346 m-20.2-24.1255° 30 kt
441 mb6672 m-22.5-26.1250° 28 kt
427 mb6908 m-23.7-28.7255° 30 kt
415 mb7115 m-25.5-30.5260° 29 kt
400 mb7380 m-27.7-33.7260° 31 kt
390 mb7561 m-29.2-35.1260° 29 kt
379 mb7764 m-30.7-36.1260° 28 kt
367 mb7992 m-32.3-37.3—
356 mb8204 m-33.9-40.0235° 37 kt
345 mb8423 m-35.6-42.8240° 44 kt
334 mb8648 m-37.3-45.5235° 41 kt
309 mb9181 m-41.3-50.3—
300 mb9380 m-43.3-51.3250° 48 kt
281 mb9817 m-46.9-55.9—
267 mb10150 m-49.6-58.2250° 42 kt
250 mb10580 m-53.1-61.1260° 54 kt
223 mb11305 m-58.9-65.0250° 69 kt
209 mb11709 m-61.9-66.9245° 69 kt
200 mb11980 m-63.7-68.7250° 68 kt
190 mb12296 m-63.5-70.5—
180 mb12628 m-64.0-71.4240° 61 kt
158 mb13430 m-63.3-73.2235° 61 kt
150 mb13750 m-62.5-73.5245° 58 kt
140 mb14174 m-62.7-75.5250° 59 kt
126 mb14824 m-61.1-77.2250° 53 kt
115 mb15390 m-60.3-78.3265° 35 kt
104 mb16015 m-59.1-80.1—
100 mb16260 m-60.1-81.1250° 34 kt
90 mb16913 m-62.2-84.6245° 53 kt
79 mb17723 m-59.7-84.5265° 31 kt
68 mb18661 m-60.6-87.6270° 27 kt
45 mb21220 m-62.7-90.7275° 25 kt
35 mb22760 m-61.8-90.8285° 33 kt
25 mb24832 m-63.6-91.8310° 33 kt
15 mb27982 m-62.3-91.3270° 33 kt
11 mb29791 m-61.5-79.5—
Every station with a sounding (78)

SPC observed soundings checked · Data: NOAA/SPC

Radar-derived cells (3) · current

Collector checked ; feed generated . Zero cells does not establish coverage or clear weather. Observations from different radars are not merged.

  1. HGX / U5 · scan 2026-10-31T16:54:16Z · stale
  2. HOU / B0 · scan 2026-10-31T17:00:31Z · current
  3. SHV / V9 · scan 2026-10-31T16:57:27Z · current
Station and river observations (162)

Surface source current; observed water-level source current. Each reading keeps its own time. Map markers show at most 500 stations and 500 gauges; the complete source directory is paginated.

Circle: surface station; square: water-level gauge. Filled: current reading and source; hollow: stale, unconfirmed or missing observation. Marker color is not a hazard category. Enable “Stations and gauges” in Layers to inspect them on the map.

Showing 100 of 162 listed sources. All surface stations and retained trends · All supported gauges and forecasts

About this monitored event

This event, as this site’s operators set it up

Kind
Severe weather
Window
Open: no start or end was set
Updated

Spotlight

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Monitoring area details
Area
Texas (NWS states: TX)
Hazards
Tornado, severe thunderstorm, flash flood, river flood, areal flood, coastal flood and other warnings, watches and advisories, and the forecasts for them
Window
In force now, with the next days of SPC’s and WPC’s products
Made by
This site’s operators, in its admin console. Nothing about a reader is stored. Watch another area

An area the operators chose, not a storm’s footprint: everything here is in force in this area, never “from this event”.

In force in this area

No warning, watch or advisory for these hazards is in force in this area.

NWS’s alerts checked : a successful check, so this is none in force, not “can’t tell”.

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